Analysis into cost of additional underwater noise mitigation during offshore wind farm construction

Increases in offshore wind development are needed to meet the government's target of 40GW by 2030, however construction of these developments has the potential to harm the marine environment. Marine mammals are sensitive to this noise, which has the potential to kill, injure or disturb without appropriate mitigation. A key area of concern is impulsive noise, primarily generated when installing turbine foundations. Developers are already required (as part of the consent process) to implement marine mammal mitigation...